IFAC and APB Ethical Standards for Accountants Essay

The International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) provides professional ethics and ethical codes for Accountants. They include standards of behaviour that are designed for both practical and idealistic purposes. In the accountancy profession, professional accountants should follow a set of rules and values to be able to execute the objectives needed to the highest standard of so called professionalism. IFAC requires throughout the world that accountancy bodies should issue codes of conduct not less rigorous than its own. Members are required to examine the spirit of the code as well as the specific requirements. Disobedience can lead to disciplinary proceedings. More specific guidance is included in the codes for accountants engaged in†¦show more content†¦Aware of this, directors may seek to influence the auditors by several ways and if shareholders suspect a gain interest relationship the appearance of independence is undermined. Related to the provision of assurance (external auditing), APB ethical standards have set frameworks that are intended to secure the independence of auditors. Some key examples are: a) Self interest threat, for example the amount of fees that are charged to clients for audit and other services are set by APB to 10% for plc clients and 15% for private company clients. Also when fees are overdue they are threatening objectivity, therefore the engagement letter should clarify the basis of fee charging and payment terms. Furthermore when auditors have shares in the company that are providing services for, gives rise to self interest threat and they should be disposed. b) Intimidation threat, for instance when either party auditor or clients are acting in an aggressive or dominant way then the auditor should consider resignation. c) Advocacy threat is when auditors argue in favour of their clients in litigation or a regularity investigation. For this to happen, it means that auditors are in close relationship with those in management hence it creates threats to the auditors’ objectivity (actingShow MoreRelatedAuditing of Educational Institutions4879 Words   |  20 PagesPractices Board (APB), (2002), defines audit of financial statements as an exercise whose objective is to enable auditors to express an opinion whether the financial statements give a true and fair (or equivalent) of the entity’s affairs at the periods and of its profit or loss or income and expenditure for the period then ended and have been properly prepared in accordance with the applicable reporting framework.( for example relevant legislation and applicable accounting standards ) or where statutoryRead MoreCons and Pros of Internet16245 Words   |  65 PagesInternational Accounting Policy Forum. pp. 5-27. 2006 5 International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS): pros and cons for investors Ray Ball* Abstract—Accounting in shaped by economic and political forces. It follows that increased worldwide integration of both markets and politics (driven by reductions in communications and information processing costs) makes increased integration of financial reporting standards and practice almost inevitable. But most market and political forces will remain localRead MoreThe Government and Not-For-Profit Environment100975 Words   |  404 PagesTFinancial statements, no matter how prepared, do not directly affect the economic worth of an entity. 8. FThe Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Board’s standards do not apply to the federal Department of Treasury. 9. TGovernments may be subject to the same pressures that led to accounting scandals like Enron. 10. FThe Governmental Accounting Standards Board establishes generally accepted accounting principles for all state and local government entities, as well as all not-for-profit

Impact of Social Networking Sites Free Essays

string(101) " measuring the digital world, 84 per cent of India’s total internet visitors are users of SNS\." Business Research Methodology A Study On Impact Of Social Networking Sites On Our Life Impact Of Social Networking Sites On Our Life ICFAI BUSINESS SCHOOL This Report Has Been submitted in the partial fulfilment of the requirements of PGPM program of IBS Gurgaon Submitted To, Prof. Vipin Khurana Submitted By, Avinash Kumar Singh 12BSP1658 Pankaj Sharma 12BSP0825 Atul Kesharwani 12BSP2341 Lav Sood 12BSP Acknowledgement First foremost I humbly bow my head before the Almighty for the unmerited blessings though various hands. I submit this small venture before God with full satisfaction pleasure from my heart. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Social Networking Sites or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is with great respect and devotion we place on record my deep sense of gartidue and indebtedness to Prof. Vipin Khurana, Faculty Of Business Research Methodology, ICFAI Business School, Gurgaon for his sustained variable guidance, constructive valuable suggestions, unfailing patience, friendly approach, constant support and encouragement withoust which this study would have been a distant dream. We also place a eep sense of gratitude to all those who participated in our study, you all really being very help full and patience. We also like to thank all of our classmates and friends who supported and guided us whenever we needed them, thank you friends. This Report simply shows the entire dedication of our group who have coordinated for successful accomplishment of this study report. Group Number 3 Avinash Kumar Singh 12BSP1658 Pankaj Sharma 12BSP0825 Atul Kesharwani 12BSP2341 Lav Sood 12BSP Abstract In today’s fast moving world, everyone tries to be ahead of their competi tors, friends and social circle. Considering the fact, there are so many burning issues around us which we need to think upon and act, it’s an alarm for us to be aware about the society and its issues. Through social networking, people can use networks of online friends and group memberships to keep in touch with current friends, reconnect with old friends or create real-life friendships through similar interests or groups. Besides establishing important social relationships, social networking members can share their interests with other likeminded members by joining groups and forums. Some networking can also help members find a job or establish business contacts. Most social networking websites also offer additional features. In addition to blogs and forums, members can express themselves by designing their profile page to reflect their personality. The most popular extra features include music and video sections. The video section can include everything from member generated videos from hundreds of subjects to TV clips and movie trailers (YouTube). Social networking sites have facilitated communication. Members of such sites can easily form groups (called the communities) and share their opinions among themselves through discussion threads, forums and polls. Though these sites serves good in many ways, it has its negative effects too such as cyber-crimes which has become a privacy threat to the people worldwide. Although advantageous in many ways by building new relationship and reconnecting with lost or old contacts, it also brought up some behavioural changes among the youth, not only the behavioural changes but also their social behaviour and approaches. It has also ended up as a nightmare for a few people. Social Networking sites provide a platform for discussion on such issues as it is this media which majority mass rely on and extend warm support. One such burning issue that has been overlooked in today’s scenario is the impact of social networking sites in the changing mind-set of the youth. Our research is conducted on youths between age group of 10-30 years with a view to know the level of awareness on the social issues, the penetration of SNC in their Life. Study was conducted on 100 people mostly through email or sending link of questionnaire on various social sites. 1. Introduction:- Social network sites are web-based services allowing individuals to construct a semi-public or public profile in a bounded system as well as to articulate a list of others so as to share connections, views and thoughts. However the type, classification and nature of these connections may differ from site to site. Uniqueness of social networking sites not only allows individuals to meet strangers but enables users to discuss and make visible their social networks. This results into connections between individuals which otherwise is not possible through any other media already existing. Maximum of the time social networking sites are used to communicate with people who are already their friends or acquaintances in the social network sharing same mindset or same interests and views. Discussions on debatable topics, news articles are most common topics on these SNNs. There are a number of SNS’s available now-a-days wherein users are increasing leaps and bounds as shown in the table below- TOP 7 SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES IN THE WORLD Rank Sites Estimated unique monthly users 1. Facebook 55,0000000 2. Twitter 95800000 3. Myspace 80500000 4. Linkedin 50000000 5. Ning 42000000 6. Tagged 30000000 7. Classmates 29000000 Social networking sites are not only popular for providing a platform for chatting, sharing scraps, videos, pictures etc. but also for discussing social issues. However, certain issues yet require study and research like impact of SNS on youth’s minds and loss of privacy as earlier people believed in keeping their data private but now they enjoy going public and showing wall posts, status updates, tweets and infact every thrill of their lives. In this way, we are ourselves breaching our privacy and personal space at the compromise of publicizing intimate details so as to attract hundreds of online readers and even strangers. Online Social networking is a type of virtual communication that allows people to connect with each other. This concept arises from basic need of human beings to stay together in groups forming a community. Wikipedia defines social network service as online platform that focus on building and reflecting social networks or social relations among people who share interests and activities. According to ComScore, a leader in measuring the digital world, 84 per cent of India’s total internet visitors are users of SNS. You read "Impact of Social Networking Sites" in category "Essay examples" India is the seventh largest market worldwide for social networking after the U. S. , China, Germany, Russian Federation, Brazil and the U. K. Facebook captures the top slot among SNS in India with 20. 9 million visitors. People spend over 700 billion minutes per month on Facebook and 70 per cent of users are from outside United States. Interestingly, an average user has 130 friends on Facebook (â€Å"Facebook statistics,† ). a. But is this the true picture of social networking sites? b. Is everything going fine in the world of social networking? c. What about the futures of its users? d. Are they happy with the virtual life or it is making their life hell? e. HOW MUCH TIME WE WASTE ON SNS? f. what will be it’s impact on the society†¦. etc.? These Questions remains a unanswered for a very long time, we in this study are trying to cover these questions also we trying to give impact of following:- a. Social Personal Issues b. Personal Privacy c. Biological Impact d. Its effect on Productivity e. SNS addiction Disorder . 2. Review of related literature:- Lot of literature is available now days on the social networking sites and their impact on the youth of any nation, children, adolescence and families as during the last 5 years, usage of such sites has increased among preadolescents and adolescents. According to a latest poll, 22% of teenagers log in more than 10 times a day on to their favorite s ocial media site, and more than half percentage of adolescents log more than once a day (Steyer James, 2009). In the report Social networking sites a critical analysis of its impact on personal and social life, By Dr. Biswajit Das Jyoti Shankar Sahoo, published in international Journal of business and social science vol. 2 No. 14 states that:- The growth of social networking sites shows a significant change in the social and personal behaviour of Internet users. SNS has become an essential medium of communication and entertainment among the young adults. Everything in this world can be used for a bad purpose as well as for good. Its us who can make the difference and utilize social networking sites wisely for the benefit of developing social bonds across the geographical borders. In the report impact of social networking sites in the changing mindset of youth on social issues-A syudy of delhi Ncr youth, By, Mr. Madhur Raj Jain, Ms. Palak Gupta Ms. Nitika Anand. They took total sample size of 100 respondents, and done a exploratory study and tools used were tables, pie charts, annova, cross table using SPSS 19. 0. The report concludes that:- It was found that these social networking sites are acting as great medium for view mobilization. People are feeling free in sharing their thoughts on any issue nd even youth is raising their voice against social acts like violation of Human Rights, corruption etc. It is also being generated from the information so obtained that people are getting more aware about the social issues mainly from Facebook. On the study of a Study on the impact of social networking sites on Indian youth, By, Dr. M. Neelamalar Ms. P. Chitra, Methdology used was:-employs the method of Qualitative research through quantitative analysis to gathe r an in-depth understanding of the behavioral changes cause by the social networking sites like Orkut on youth and the reasons that govern such behavior. The sample size is 100 and they are divided into two categories each of 50,the categories are teens (17-19) and youth in the age group of 20-22. Concluded that a majority of the Indian youth are members in one or more social networking sites but also are low users of such sites and used Internet more for mailing and sur? ng the net (downloads). 3. Research Gap:- * The previous researches where done when social networking in our country was in nascent stage * They have Used Email, Phone And Face to Face Method Of Survey, But we are Instead using SNS. They Only used age Between 18 to 30 years we are using a wider Age Range * We instead of wider social affects, dealing At Personal level * We used SPSS 20. 0 for analysis. 4. Scope Objective Of Study:- * To study the awareness of usages of different SNS * The affect of SNS on personal Life * To know the spread of Spy wares on SNS * To know the time Spent on SNS * To analyze the penetration level of SNS in Life * To check for what SNS are used These days 5. Hypothesis:- I. Testing the significance difference b/w Male and Female User * H0 (Null Hypothesis) There is no significance difference between Male And Female User * H1 (Alternative Hypothesis)There is significance difference between Male And Female User II. Testing the significant spread of malwares and cyber criminals over SNS * H0 (Null Hypothesis) There is no significant spread of malwares and cyber criminals over SNS * H1 (Alternative Hypothesis)There is significant spread of malwares and cyber criminals over SNS III. Testing the Significance of SNS in Ones Life. * H0 (Null Hypothesis) There is no significance of SNS in Ones Life * H1 (Alternative Hypothesis)There is significance of SNS in ones life 6. Assumptions:- While conducting the research we assumed that all the participants are filling the survey seriously and we made sure through cookies lock that no duplication happens. 7. Limitations:- The research has been done through online questionnaire and thus the level of seriousness in the user are not upto the mark, and also since we are not present their physically so the interpretation of questions wasn’t even. Because of limitation of monitory resources as well as busy time schedule of classes we weren’t able to host and spread the survey to as much as people we wanted to. The hosting sites we used because of being free gave us limitation of collecting 50 responses at once we have to collect and delete the responses after creating a backup 8. Methodology:- Exploratory research method is being used, the research will give an insight of the users of SNS. Exploratory research is a form of research conducted for a problem that has not been clearly defined. Exploratory research helps determine the best research design, data collection method and selection of subjects. It should draw definitive conclusions only with extreme caution. Given its fundamental nature, exploratory research often concludes that a perceived problem does not actually exist. Exploratory research methods: The quickest and the cheapest way to formulate a hypothesis in exploratory research is by using any of the four methods: I. Literature search II. Experience survey III. Focus group IV. Analysis of selected cases In this research we had done Experience survey, with a assumption that the users of social networking site have a good knowledge of what’s going on these sites. For doing that we prepared set of questions which reveals how, what and why they are connected to social networking sites. 9. Population of interest:- We have selected the educated youth who are either, school, or are collage going. They are the one who spent most of their spare time on SNS and some of them are attached so close to it that they don’t even imagine life with SNS. Moreover the youth of the age group 10-30, view world idealistically and are more involved in the world outside their work place and home. This population is choose because of the simple fact that they are more tech friendly and Internet and more importantly SNS are an important part of their life and they see it as a medium of increasing network and even see opportunities hidden behind it. 0. Sampling Procedure and source of Data:- We conducted surveys through online questionnaire. The questions have been made on ‘Adobe form Central’, an online survey hosting site by ADOBE Inc. The hosted questions were them in the form of a web link is being posted on various SNS, specially the most common one i. e. Facebook. Th e questionnaire has been made through a discussion among group members and using our own experience of social networking sites. The response then were backed up both online and offline in Ms Excel. The data has been then coded accordingly after collecting 100 responses. 11. Questionnaire For Data Collection:- The questionnaire was made by brain- storming in the group and accessing our own SNS experience. The questionnaire contents text field, text field –multiline, single choice field, multiple choice field, Drop down menu, single check box and Likert rating scale. Direct and indirect questions which were placed are as follows:- 12. Data Coding:- Gender| Codes| MALE| 1| FEMALE| 2| Age| Codes| 10 TO 15| 1| 16 TO 20| 2| 21 TO 25| 3| 26 TO 30| 4| 30+| 5| Qualification| Codes| Graduate| 1| Post graduate| 2| INTERMEDIATE/10+2| 3| DOCTORATE| 4| MATRIC| 5| Occupation| Codes| Student| 1| Employed| 2| Self-Employed| 3| Fresher| 4| Time spent On Sns| Codes| 1 HOUR| 1| 2 HOUR| 2| 3 HOUR| 3| MORE THAN 3 HOURS| 4| Friends on Facebook| Codes| Less Than 100| 1| 100 To 200| 2| 201 to 300| 3| 301 to 500| 4| 501 to 1000| 5| 1000+| 6| Connections On LinkedIn| Codes| Less Than 50| 1| 50 to 100| 2| 101 to 200| 3| 201 to 300| 4| 301 to 500| 5| 500+| 6| HOW IMPORTANT DO YOU THINK SCOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ARE FOR MAINTAINING FOLLOWING:-| STRONGLY NOT IMPORTANT| 1| NOT IMPORTANT| 2| MAY BE| 3| IMPORTANT| 4| STRONGLY IMPORTANT| 5| IF ALL THE SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ARE GONE, HOW DO YOU THINK YOU WOULD SPENT TIME, WHICH OTHERWISE YOU WOULD HAD SPENT ON SNS? HOBBIES| 1| WITH FAMILY| 2| WITH FRIENDS| 3| STUDY| 4| PHYSICAL FITNESS| 5| Teaching| 6| Reading novels and watching Hollywood movies| 7| DO YOU ACCEPT INVITATION OF UNKNOWN PERSON ON SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES? | Yes I Always Do| 1| Yes But Only On LinkedIn| 2| Never| 3| Maybe, It Depends| 4| Yes, Only If It Is From Opposite Gender| 5| DO YOU PLACED YOUR ORIGINAL PICTURE AS YO UR PROFILE PICTURE? | Yes| 1| No| 2| WHAT DO YOU THINK ARE THE ILL- EFFECTS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES? | Lot Of Time Wastage| 1| Hamper Studies| 2| Reduce Physical Mobility and Fitness| 3| Cut Away From Family| 4| No| 5| Others| 6| HAVE YOU OBSERVED OR BEING A VICTIM OF FOLLOWING ON ANY SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES:-| OFTENLY| 1| SOMETIMES| 2| RARELY| 3| NEVER| 4| DO YOU THINK THE LAW SHOULD BE MADE STRICTER FOR SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES? | Yes| 1| No| 2| 13. Statistical Analysis:- 13. i Statistical Techniques:- We have used Factor and Bivariate analysis. Also we have used frequency technique of descriptive statistics to explain the different variables. Factor analysis is a statistical method used to describe variability among observed, correlated variables in terms of a potentially lower number of unobserved variables called factors. In other words, it is possible, for example, that variations in three or four observed variables mainly reflect the variations in fewer unobserved variables. Factor analysis searches for such joint variations in response to unobserved latent variables. The observed variables are modelled as linear combinations of the potential factors, plus â€Å"error† terms. The information gained about the interdependencies between observed variables can be used later to reduce the set of variables in a dataset. Computationally this technique is equivalent to low rank approximation of the matrix of observed variables. Factor analysis originated in psychometrics, and is used in behavioural sciences, social sciences, marketing, product management, operations research, and other applied sciences that deal with large quantities of data. Bivariate analysis is one of the simplest forms of the quantitative (statistical) analysis. [1] It involves the analysis of two variables (often denoted as X, Y), for the purpose of determining the empirical relationship between them. [1] In order to see if the variables are related to one another, it is common to measure how those two variables simultaneously change together. Frequency analysis:- AGE| Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| 16 TO 20| 16| 16. 2| 16. 3| 16. 3| | 21 TO 25| 78| 78. 8| 79. 6| 95. 9| | 26 TO 30| 4| 4. 0| 4. 1| 100. 0| | Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | GENDER| | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| MALE| 65| 65. 7| 66. 3| 66. 3| | FEMALE| 33| 33. 3| 33. 7| 100. 0| | Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | QUALIFICATION| | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| GRADUATE| 45| 45. 5| 45. 9| 45. 9| | POST GRADUATE| 42| 42. 4| 42. 9| 88. 8| INTERMEDIATE/10+2| 8| 8. 1| 8. 2| 96. 9| | DOCTORATE| 1| 1. 0| 1. 0| 98. 0| | MATRIC| 2| 2. 0| 2. 0| 100. 0| | Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | OCCUPATION| | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| STUDENT| 77| 77. 8| 78. 6| 78. 6| | EMPLOYED| 15| 15. 2| 15. 3| 93. 9| | SELF-EMPLOYED| 5| 5. 1| 5. 1| 99. 0| | FRESHER| 1| 1. 0| 1. 0| 100. 0| | Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | HOW MUCH TIME DAILY ON AN AVERAGE BASIS YOU SPENT ON SNS? | | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| 1 HOUR| 52| 52. | 53. 1| 53. 1| | 2 HOUR| 20| 20. 2| 20. 4| 73. 5| | 3 HOUR| 10| 10. 1| 10. 2| 83. 7| | MORE THAN 3 HOUR| 16| 16. 2| 16. 3| 100. 0| | Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | HOW MANY FRIENDS YOU HAVE ON FACEBOOK? | | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| Less Than 100| 12| 12. 1| 12. 2| 12. 2| | 100 To 200| 14| 14. 1| 14. 3| 26. 5| | 201 to 300| 26| 26. 3| 26. 5| 53. 1| | 301 to 500| 33| 33. 3| 33. 7| 86. 7| | 501 to 1000| 11| 11. 1| 11. 2| 98. 0| | 1000+| 2| 2. 0| 2. 0| 100. 0| | Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | ARE YOU ON LINKEDIN, IF YES, THEN HOW MANY CONNECTIONS DO YOU HAVE? | | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| Less Than 50| 58| 58. 6| 59. 2| 59. 2| | 50 to 100| 27| 27. 3| 27. 6| 86. 7| | 101 to 200| 7| 7. 1| 7. 1| 93. 9| | 201 to 300| 3| 3. 0| 3. 1| 96. 9| | 301 to 500| 1| 1. 0| 1. 0| 98. 0| | 500+| 2| 2. 0| 2. 0| 100. 0| | Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | HOW IMPORTANT SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ARE IN YOUR LIFE? | | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| NOT AT ALL IMPORTANT| 2| 2. 0| 2. 0| 2. 0| | IMPORTANT BUT NOT MUCH| 29| 29. | 29. 6| 31. 6| | SO-SO| 30| 30. 3| 30. 6| 62. 2| | VERY IMPORTANT| 32| 32. 3| 32. 7| 94. 9| | I CAN’T LIVE WITHOUT THEM| 5| 5. 1| 5. 1| 100. 0| | Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | DO YOU PLACED YOUR ORIGINAL PICTURE AS YOUR PROFILE PICTURE? | | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| YES| 84| 84. 8| 85. 7| 85. 7| | NO| 14| 14. 1| 14. 3| 100. 0| | Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | SPAMS| | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| OFTENLY| 16| 16. 2| 16. 3| 16. 3| | SOMETIMES| 31| 31. 3| 31. | 48. 0| | RARELY| 30| 30. 3| 30. 6| 78. 6| | NEVER| 21| 21. 2| 21. 4| 100. 0| | Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | HACKERS| | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| OFTENLY| 5| 5. 1| 5. 1| 5. 1| | SOMETIMES| 29| 29. 3| 29. 6| 34. 7| | RARELY| 25| 25. 3| 25. 5| 60. 2| | NEVER| 39| 39. 4| 39. 8| 100. 0| | Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | FAKEPROFILE| | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| OFTENLY| 18| 18. 2| 18. 4| 18. 4| | SOMETIMES| 33| 33. 3| 33. 7| 52. 0| | RARELY| 24| 24. 2| 24. 5| 76. | | NEVER| 23| 23. 2| 23. 5| 100. 0| | Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | HARSSSMENT| | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| OFTENLY| 3| 3. 0| 3. 1| 3. 1| | SOMETIMES| 15| 15. 2| 15. 3| 18. 4| | RARELY| 19| 19. 2| 19. 4| 37. 8| | NEVER| 61| 61. 6| 62. 2| 100. 0| | Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | PORNOGRAPHY| | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| OFTENLY| 3| 3. 0| 3. 1| 3. 1| | SOMETIMES| 19| 19. 2| 19. 4| 22. 4| | RARELY| 21| 21. 2| 21. 4| 43. 9| | NEVER| 55| 55. 6| 56. 1| 100. 0| Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | RACISM| | Frequency| Percent| Valid Percent| Cumulative Percent| Valid| OFTENLY| 4| 4. 0| 4. 1| 4. 1| | SOMETIMES| 16| 16. 2| 16. 3| 20. 4| | RARELY| 15| 15. 2| 15. 3| 35. 7| | NEVER| 63| 63. 6| 64. 3| 100. 0| | Total| 98| 99. 0| 100. 0| | Missing| System| 1| 1. 0| | | Total| 99| 100. 0| | | FACTOR ANALYSIS Total Variance Explained| Component| Initial Eigenvalues| Ext raction Sums of Squared Loadings| Rotation Sums of Squared Loadings| | Total| % of Variance| Cumulative %| Total| % of Variance| Cumulative %| Total| % of Variance| Cumulative %| 1| 3. 99| 51. 658| 51. 658| 3. 099| 51. 658| 51. 658| 2. 200| 36. 663| 36. 663| 2| 1. 025| 17. 083| 68. 741| 1. 025| 17. 083| 68. 741| 1. 925| 32. 078| 68. 741| 3| . 602| 10. 035| 78. 776| | | | | | | 4| . 504| 8. 393| 87. 169| | | | | | | 5| . 485| 8. 091| 95. 260| | | | | | | 6| . 284| 4. 740| 100. 000| | | | | | | Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. | KMO and Bartlett’s Test| Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. | . 780| Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity| Approx. Chi-Square| 189. 982| | df| 15| | Sig. | . 000| Descriptive Statistics| | Mean| Std. Deviation| N| REGR factor score 1 for analysis 1| 0E-7| 1. 0000000| 98| REGR factor score 2 for analysis 1| 0E-7| 1. 00000000| 98| REGR factor score 1 for analysis 2| 0E-7| 1. 00000000| 98| REGR factor score 2 for analysis 2| 0 E-7| 1. 00000000| 98| Multiple regressions:- Tests of Between-Subjects Effects| Source| Dependent Variable| Type III Sum of Squares| df| Mean Square| F| Sig. | Corrected Model| HOW MUCH TIME DAILY ON AN AVERAGE BASIS YOU SPENT ON SNS? | . 018a| 1| . 018| . 014| . 906| | HOW MANY FRIENDS YOU HAVE ON FACEBOOK? | 6. 302b| 1| 6. 302| 4. 164| . 044| | ARE YOU ON LINKEDIN, IF YES, THEN HOW MANY CONNECTIONS DO YOU HAVE? | . 946c| 1| . 46| . 863| . 355| | HOW IMPORTANT SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ARE IN YOUR LIFE? | . 043d| 1| . 043| . 047| . 829| Intercept| HOW MUCH TIME DAILY ON AN AVERAGE BASIS YOU SPENT ON SNS? | 313. 814| 1| 313. 814| 241. 084| . 000| | HOW MANY FRIENDS YOU HAVE ON FACEBOOK? | 867. 119| 1| 867. 119| 572. 908| . 000| | ARE YOU ON LINKEDIN, IF YES, THEN HOW MANY CONNECTIONS DO YOU HAVE? | 229. 518| 1| 229. 518| 209. 331| . 000| | HOW IMPORTANT SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ARE IN YOUR LIFE? | 840. 859| 1| 840. 859| 915. 942| . 000| GENDER| HOW MUCH TIME DAILY ON AN AVERAGE BASIS Y OU SPENT ON SNS? | . 018| 1| . 018| . 14| . 906| | HOW MANY FRIENDS YOU HAVE ON FACEBOOK? | 6. 302| 1| 6. 302| 4. 164| . 044| | ARE YOU ON LINKEDIN, IF YES, THEN HOW MANY CONNECTIONS DO YOU HAVE? | . 946| 1| . 946| . 863| . 355| | HOW IMPORTANT SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ARE IN YOUR LIFE? | . 043| 1| . 043| . 047| . 829| Error| HOW MUCH TIME DAILY ON AN AVERAGE BASIS YOU SPENT ON SNS? | 124. 961| 96| 1. 302| | | | HOW MANY FRIENDS YOU HAVE ON FACEBOOK? | 145. 300| 96| 1. 514| | | | ARE YOU ON LINKEDIN, IF YES, THEN HOW MANY CONNECTIONS DO YOU HAVE? | 105. 258| 96| 1. 096| | | | HOW IMPORTANT SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ARE IN YOUR LIFE? 88. 131| 96| . 918| | | Total| HOW MUCH TIME DAILY ON AN AVERAGE BASIS YOU SPENT ON SNS? | 478. 000| 98| | | | | HOW MANY FRIENDS YOU HAVE ON FACEBOOK? | 1177. 000| 98| | | | | ARE YOU ON LINKEDIN, IF YES, THEN HOW MANY CONNECTIONS DO YOU HAVE? | 374. 000| 98| | | | | HOW IMPORTANT SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ARE IN YOUR LIFE? | 1025. 000| 98| | | | Corrected T otal| HOW MUCH TIME DAILY ON AN AVERAGE BASIS YOU SPENT ON SNS? | 124. 980| 97| | | | | HOW MANY FRIENDS YOU HAVE ON FACEBOOK? | 151. 602| 97| | | | | ARE YOU ON LINKEDIN, IF YES, THEN HOW MANY CONNECTIONS DO YOU HAVE? | 106. 04| 97| | | | | HOW IMPORTANT SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ARE IN YOUR LIFE? | 88. 173| 97| | | | a. R Squared = . 000 (Adjusted R Squared = -. 010)| b. R Squared = . 042 (Adjusted R Squared = . 032)| c. R Squared = . 009 (Adjusted R Squared = -. 001)| d. R Squared = . 000 (Adjusted R Squared = -. 010)| Correlations| | AGE| HOW MUCH TIME DAILY ON AN AVERAGE BASIS YOU SPENT ON SNS? | HOW MANY TIME YOU SPENT WITH YOUR HOBBY(S) PER DAY? | HOW MANY FRIENDS YOU HAVE ON FACEBOOK? | HOW IMPORTANT SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ARE IN YOUR LIFE? | AGE| Pearson Correlation| 1| . 162| . 016| . 185| . 225*| | Sig. 2-tailed)| | . 112| . 879| . 068| . 026| | N| 98| 98| 98| 98| 98| HOW MUCH TIME DAILY ON AN AVERAGE BASIS YOU SPENT ON SNS? | Pearson Correlation| . 162| 1| . 023| . 191| . 352**| | Sig. (2-tailed)| . 112| | . 821| . 059| . 000| | N| 98| 98| 98| 98| 98| HOW MANY TIME YOU SPENT WITH YOUR HOBBY(S) PER DAY? | Pearson Correlation| . 016| . 023| 1| . 052| -. 112| | Sig. (2-tailed)| . 879| . 821| | . 613| . 274| | N| 98| 98| 98| 98| 98| HOW MANY FRIENDS YOU HAVE ON FACEBOOK? | Pearson Correlation| . 185| . 191| . 052| 1| . 310**| | Sig. (2-tailed)| . 068| . 059| . 613| | . 002| | N| 98| 98| 98| 98| 98| HOW IMPORTANT SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ARE IN YOUR LIFE? | Pearson Correlation| . 225*| . 352**| -. 112| . 310**| 1| | Sig. (2-tailed)| . 026| . 000| . 274| . 002| | | N| 98| 98| 98| 98| 98| *. Correlation is significant at the 0. 05 level (2-tailed). | **. Correlation is significant at the 0. 01 level (2-tailed). | 14. Summary And Major Findings:- 1. Since Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy is greater than 0. 6 and 68. 745 % of the variance in our items was explained by the 5 extracted components, which thereby explains that there is significant spread of malwares over internet and thus our alternate hypothesis i. . there is significant spread of malwares and cyber criminals over internet is accepted. 2. As explained by the bivariate correlation , the correlation are significant at 0. 05 level and 0. 01 level of significance, the null hypothesis i. e. there is no significant difference between male and female user is rejected. 3. As explained by multiple regressions the null hypothesis i. e there is no significance of SNS on one’s life is rejected. 15. References:- 1. 55. 032% of the variance in our items was explained by the 5 extracted components by, Dr. Biswajit Das and Jyoti Shankar Sahoo, International Journal of Business and Social Science Vol. 2 No. 14 www. ijbssnet. com. 2. IMPACT OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES IN THE CHANGING MINDSET OF YOUTH ON SOCIAL ISSUES – A STUDY OF DELHI-NCR YOUTH by, Mr. Madhur Raj Jain, Ms. Palak Gupta ; Ms. Nitika Anand. 3. A Study on the impact of social networking sites on indian youth,By, Dr. M. Neelamalar ; Ms. P. Chitra. 4. SLIDES OF Prof. Vipin Khurana 5. www. wikipedia. org 6. http://core. ecu. edu/psyc/wuenschk/spss/SPSS-MV. htm 7. http://www. unt. edu/rss/class/Jon/SPSS_SC/Module9/M9_PCA/SPSS_M9_PCA1. htm How to cite Impact of Social Networking Sites, Essay examples

Multimodality in Clouds over Sidra

Question: Discuss about theMultimodality in Clouds over Sidra. Answer: Introduction: Multimodality is defined as the relationship shared between communication and representation which goes beyond the realm of language. With changes in society, new technologies and media, addressing communication have evolved over the years. It has indeed become crucial for practice, teaching and researching in practical and academic areas. For such analysis a variety of methodologies, frameworks and techniques have been evolved (Machin 2016). In recent years communication using messages and texts, problems arising from using semiotic resources, interacting with each other and with language. For instance, sound design and cinematographic and production resources, page layout and image text, aural and visual art, dress, proxemics, gaze, and gesture have led to some necessary challenges. This essay focuses on the Virtual Reality film Clouds Over Sidra, told in a narrative fashion to depict the journey of a young girl Sidra, to highlight the type of multimodality used. Multimodality on Clouds Over Sidra From Within (2016), the short video Clouds Over Sidra, produced by Aaron Koblin and Chris Milk in their production company VRSE, Sidra a 12-year-old girl from Syria, narrates her experience of her life living away from her home country. Throughout the video, she narrates to the audience describing each scene to the audience starting from her birth to her present life in a refugee camp in Jordan (Rethinked.org 2016). The short video which is a documentary has been presented in a 360-degree Virtual Reality (VR) video format and is around 8 minutes long. If the video had been a simple narrative format, it wouldn't have caused an immersive experience. 360-degree video format enables the viewer to directly interact with the video to see the full surrounding in a given scene, and VR format allows the viewer to directly view the three-dimensional spaces of the living characters. From Within (2016), a typical example of the scene is when she is watching television in a room; the audience can watch the television by sitting beside her, looking through a window. When the user sees down, the user finds himself or herself sitting on the same ground as that of her. This evokes emotion in a much deeper way than passively viewing the video. Journalists, storytellers, and producers will soon find themselves experiencing reality through immersive 360 videos. Biocca and Levy (2013) stated that Storytelling has evolved from text narration to a sensory experience. What it started from simple visual, sound was added later, and then came augmented and virtual reality which ultimately mixed with a sense of touch from wearables and other inputs. This creates a deeper narrative and theme (Dunleavy and Dede 2014). VR is a relatively new technological tool and is much more than just a video game peripheral. It connects a user to other humans who were unheard before in any form of media. It also changes the perception of each other. VR mode was also used for the first time to treat a cancer patient in Britain where people could see the live-stream of the surgery while finding themselves right in the operation theater (Meyercancer.weill.cornell.edu 2016). Kim et al. (2013) pointed out that this is a new mode of communication where a machine makes some more connected, empathetic and compassionate, and ultimately more human. For instance, one can experience the Colosseum as it was in 70 AD, or feel the plight of the day-to-day life of Syrian refugees in Jordan through the new technological mediums. They are still in their infancy but by 2020 it is predicted that one can witness a live event or a breaking news right from the spot where it is all happening. Karutz and Bailenson (2015) argued that liv e studio audience, documentary, and current affairs journalism will be presented this way. More and more stories can be experienced through the visually rich medium of 3d holographic AR projections, interactive VR spaces, where the environment can be mimicked to that of a virtual classroom, bedroom and living room. It will let a user move and interact with the objects for entertainment and education purposes once the gesture is introduced in the 3D mixed and virtual reality worlds. Emma-Ogbangwo et al. (2014), expressed concern that the current limitation preventing it from happening is the restriction of internet bandwidth and advanced video processing, that will create believable virtual worlds. Coleman.edu (2016) states Oculus Rift and HTC Live are some of the popular VR headset makers in the market right now. Digital experiences will undergo a breakthrough than just simple touch interactions and will be present in every medium (refer to Appendix 1). People will emulate their int eraction with the digital content like they do physically in the real world (Liu, Yin and Zhang 2012). Hardt (2007) stated that the Multimodal analysis comprises the analysis of all forms of communication. It particularly focuses on the text which includes the integration and interaction of various semiotic resources or modes of communication, to achieve the meaning of the text. The different resources interactive computing resources are software and digital media hardware). Technological products used like sound and image recording, architecture, writing, painting and carving (OHalloran and Smith 2012). Semiotic action and proxemics of other bodily resources are bodies, hand and face; and aspects of speech like vocal and intonation characteristics. Semiotic resources come with their constraints and affordances, both in combination and individually, analytical variations lie nature and terms of the media, scope, and detail of the analysis, and the difficulties arising from its implementation across media (Poria et al. 2015). For dealing with these challenges two major strategies can b e identified explore theory using analysis of text as both illustration and test of general principle discussions. The other strategy is to examine original texts and working on them before on to generalizations. The first method makes the theory problematic by not assuming, and most of the work is about integrating and comparing knowledge and practice from other different theoretical traditions (Benjamin 1970). Multimodal studies apply to the method when a person takes into consideration the vast range of academic and disciplinary traditions for the relevant multimodality. Theoretical generalization is usually applied in this way to explain various text types and texts, to illustrate and test, and derive from general principles (Burset, Bosch and Pujola 2016). Djonov and Zhao (2013) pointed out that analytical detail is of utmost importance in this approach, and the challenges of reproduction, analysis, transcription and accessing publication are quite apparent.. The film Clouds Over Sidra is in simple terms a short documentary film, and if released on a social video platform called Youtube or Facebook, would or would not have made much impact. The question then raised is how to create a short film that stands unique from the rest and can still tell a simple story to which the audience can relate emotionally (Kaiser 2016). To differentiate this movie from other works, the creators looked for a multimodal approach, which means to distribute the film (media) through many platforms like the with.in website, VR headset (modal) (Kiros, Salakhutdinov and Zemel 2014). To create the full multimodal experience, the film instead of having a video and someone else narrating, took a different approach. The narration is done by the same person the film is focused on, which makes use of the girls (Sidra) voice (media) to capture the audience. Hearing from a first-person perspective is more engrossing than hearing from a professional narrator (Taylor 2013). The directors Gabo Arora and Chris Malik took it a step further and implemented VR so that the audience can explore the scenery in each scene which creates an immersive effect. The voice, in particular, narrates every scene and being a 12-year-old young girl; the audience finds the voice more pleasing to hear and at the same time understand the emotions and feelings of the character by the tone used (Wall and Crevecoeur 2016). There are few scenes in the film where the voice complements the overall scene and helps make the scene much more impactful (Bateman 2013). For instance, at 0:52 (refer to Appendix 2) Sidra describes her shanty living place and her family while the viewer can explore the scene by rotating the video on the website or via VR and understand her living condition. From 3:16 to 4:13 (refer to Appendix 3 and 4), she describes the leisure habits of the Syrian men (Within 2016). This scene is commendable for the fact that unlike traditional films there is almost minim al to nil editing and cut-shots, and the viewer has fully fledged control of the scene to see what is going around (Ohanian and Phillips 2013). In the book Engagements with Narrative, the author Janine Utell describes the use of first-person narration in media create for a more autobiographical approach, and a form of direct communication with the viewers (refer Appendix 5) (Utell 2015). Conclusion The value and applications of multimodal text analysis are enormous. Understanding of multimodality is essential to the study of classroom education and discourse. The addition of new techniques and knowledge from multimodal semiotics science shows new methods to the study and development of computational science, and multimodal text analysis is crucial in a wide variety of fields. Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality devices combined with haptic feedback of sensors from wearables and other input have created a new level of immersion to the storytelling and journalism, evoking a deeper feeling in the process and more connectedness among others. References Bateman, J.A., 2013. Multimodality and Film.The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics. Benjamin, W. 1970, The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical reproduction, In H. Arendt W. Benjamin (eds), Illuminalions, Cape, pp.219-226. Biocca, F. and Levy, M.R. eds., 2013.Communication in the age of virtual reality. Routledge. Burset, S., Bosch, E. and Pujol, J.T., 2016. A study of multimodal discourse in the design of interactive digital material for language learning.New perspectives on teaching and working with languages in the digital era, p.163. Coleman.edu. (2016).Virtual Reality Comes to Coleman, Thanks to Mr. Jeep and Harvard University | Coleman University. [online] Available at: https://www.coleman.edu/blog/?p=1065 [Accessed 5 Sep. 2016]. Djonov, E. and Zhao, S., 2013.Critical multimodal studies of popular discourse. Routledge. Dunleavy, M. and Dede, C., 2014. Augmented reality teaching and learning. InHandbook of research on educational communications and technology(pp. 735-745). Springer New York. Emma-Ogbangwo, C., Cope, N., Behringer, R. and Fabri, M., 2014, June. Enhancing user immersion and virtual presence in interactive multiuser virtual environments through the development and integration of a gesture-centric natural user interface developed from existing virtual reality technologies. InInternational Conference on Human-Computer Interaction(pp. 410-414). Springer International Publishing. Hardt, M. 2007, Foreword: What affects are good for in Halley, J. Clough, C.P., The Affective Turn: Theorizing the Social, Duke University Press, pp.9-13. Kaiser, A., 2016. Do Documentary Films Constitute A Social Science.Political Analysis,18(1), p.6. Karutz, C.O. and Bailenson, J.N., 2015. Immersive virtual environments and the classrooms of tomorrow.The handbook of the psychology of communication technology,32, p.290. Kim, M.J., Wang, X., Love, P.E.D., Li, H. and Kang, S.C., 2013. Virtual reality for the built environment: a critical review of recent advances. Journal of Information Technology in Construction,18(2), pp.279-305. Kiros, R., Salakhutdinov, R. and Zemel, R.S., 2014. Unifying visual-semantic embeddings with multimodal neural language models.arXiv preprint arXiv:1411.2539. Liu, Y., Yin, Y. and Zhang, S., 2012, August. Hand gesture recognition based on HU moments in interaction of virtual reality. InIntelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics (IHMSC), 2012 4th International Conference on(Vol. 1, pp. 145-148). IEEE. Machin, D., 2016.Introduction to multimodal analysis. Bloomsbury Publishing. Meyercancer.weill.cornell.edu. (2016).Home | Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center. [online] Available at: https://meyercancer.weill.cornell.edu/ [Accessed 18 Sep. 2016]. Halloran, K.L. and Smith, B.A., 2012. Multimodal text analysis.The encyclopedia of applied linguistics. Ohanian, T. and Phillips, N., 2013.Digital filmmaking: the changing art and craft of making motion pictures. CRC Press. Poria, S., Cambria, E., Hussain, A. and Huang, G.B., 2015. Towards an intelligent framework for multimodal affective data analysis.Neural Networks,63, pp.104-116. Rethinked.org. (2016).Technology | rethinked*. [online] Available at: https://rethinked.org/?cat=1083 [Accessed 5 Sep. 2016]. Taylor, L., 2013. Voice, body and the transmission of the real in documentary theatre.Contemporary Theatre Review,23(3), pp.368-379. Utell, J., 2015.Engagements with Narrative. Routledge. Wall, B. and Crevecoeur, Y., 2016.Narrator's Voice: The Dilemma Of Children's Fiction. Springer. Within. (2016).Clouds Over Sidra: A Virtual Reality (VR) film | With.in (360 video). [online] Available at: https://with.in/watch/clouds-over-sidra/ [Accessed 5 Sep. 2016].

The Dog Days free essay sample

Jasper Jones is an Australian novel written by Craig Silvey, from the opening line Craig Silvey puts the reader right in the action. Jasper Jones is written in the first person from Charlie Bucktin’s point of view, he is a teenage boy living in a country town called Corrigan. The novel starts when Jasper Jones pays Charlie an unexpected visit in the middle of the night. And the novel tells the story of how Charlie’s life changes from that moment on. Charlie’s recollection of events is shared honestly, making the story both tangible and humorous. The font cover of Jasper Jones The novel was short listed for the Miles Franklin award in 2010. Jasper Jones is a page turner a ‘whodunit’. Craig Silvey has created a tightly crafted novel and Jasper’s arrival foreshadows the beginning of the hero’s journey for Charlie. From the opening page Charlie and the reader want to know why, Jasper has come to his room in the middle of the night? The action of the story starts immediately. We will write a custom essay sample on The Dog Days or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Charlie is a teenager who has never snuck away from home, the fact that Jasper has sort him out is both thrilling and ominous. Jasper asks Charlie if he is ready! â€Å"What? Ready for what? † Jasper doesn’t give any details, â€Å"I tole you. I need your help, Come on. † Craig Silvey via his characters, raises engaging story questions to keep the reader involved. Charlie is conflicted, he tells us he is excited yet afraid, this inner conflict also adds to the drama of the first chapter, as we also get a sense of who these characters are. The scene is set in the first chapter, Charlie is following Jasper through the town, and like Charlie the reader has no idea where they are headed. Charlie describes where they are, and as he thinks the reader is introduced to the key characters in the town. Every detail raised in the opening chapter is paid off either in the first chapter or by the end of the novel. We learn about Charlie’s dreams and about the social currency of the small-minded Australian town, called Corrigan. Charlie’s thoughts give us important back story. For example they stop out the front of Mad Jack Lionel’s place, which Charlie hopes is not their destination. The reader learns about the local urban myth surrounding Mad Jack Lionel. And how to raise your social status in town- by stealing peaches from Mad Jack’s tree. This back story helps set up the story themes; of truth, courage and coming of age. Jasper Jones, explores dynamic relationships of love, friendship, loyalty and abuse. The characters are strong with a terrific commaraderie between Jeffery and Charlie. It is well worth a look, it’s not just for young adults but for adults who love reading a book that you can’t put down.

The Gift of the Magi Quotes

'The Gift of the Magi' Quotes The Gift of the Magi by O. Henry is a holiday favorite. The cherished moments in this work have become a Christmas tradition both in the original and many iterations. Do you remember the quotes? Perhaps youve read or heard the lines without even realizing it. Here are a few quotes from the short story and here are some questions to think about. Quotes Which instigates the moral reflection that life is made up of sobs, sniffles, and smiles, with sniffles predominating.Suddenly she whirled from the window and stood before the glass. her eyes were shining brilliantly, but her face had lost its color within twenty seconds.She got out her curling irons and lighted the gas and went to work repairing the ravages made by generosity added to love. Which is always a tremendous task, dear friendsa mammoth task.His eyes were fixed upon Della, and there was an expression in them that she could not read, and it terrified her. It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, nor horror, nor any of the sentiments that she had been prepared for. He simply stared at her fixedly with that peculiar expression on his face.A mathematician or a wit would give you the wrong answer. The magi brought valuable gifts, but that was not among them. This dark assertion will be illuminated later on.And here I have lamely related to you the uneventful chronicle o f two foolish children in a flat who most unwisely sacrificed for each other the greatest treasures of their house. But in a last word to the wise of these days let it be said that of all who give gifts these two were the wisest. O all who give and receive gifts, such as they are wisest. Everywhere they are wisest. They are the magi.

Ahhh...The Test

Do you ever feel sweat coming from your hands? If you say yes, I bet I know why your hands are sweating†¦ it’s the test, isn’t it? I know it’s creepy, but here are ways to help you get good grades on everything you get. You don’t cheat, you practice, and you let your brain do the work, these are the advice I would give you, if you follow them, I hope that you should get a higher grade on your test. The following paragraphs will show you why you should follow my advices. My first advice is you don’t cheat. For example if you cheat, it’s called cheating, and that won’t help you pass the test, you might pass it, but what is it worth for? You will not understand anything they teach you, so re you cheating them, or are you really cheating yourself? Cheating is bad, because once in a while you’ll get caught by the teacher. Another advice is you practice. For example if you practice you’ll get smarter. And then you can do the test like it is a piece of cake. Have you ever heard the phrase â€Å"Practice makes perfect†? Well believe in that phrase. It has proved very useful. I strongly believe in that phrase, because if you keep practicing, you will eventually find what kind of mistakes your making, and then you’ll learn to avoid all those mistakes. The last advice is you let your brain do the work. For example since you’ve practiced so hard for it, relax, I mean be nervous a little, but don’t worry too much, relax and have faith in yourself, say this in your head â€Å"I’m going to ace this test!†. Your brain will speed through the questions as if they were nothing much than a bug. In conclusion don’t cheat, because it’s going to get you nowhere.(except maybe the principle’s office.) Practice, Practice, Practice, because if you don’t you’ll regret it. And let your brain do all the work, because your brain has all the facts you need. Follow these advices, and there will be unlimited possibilities for your future. TRUST ME, when I used all these methods, I got the highest score on the 5th grade math test. And remember this is a secret between you and me†¦ don’t tell a soul. Good luck on your test†¦ oh wait, you don’t need luck you have skills on your side, so go ace that test!

Business Ethics & Corporate Social Responsibility Case Study

Business Ethics & Corporate Social Responsibility - Case Study Example One moral standard is core ethical values. The first component of core ethical values is trustworthiness. The recall and transparency in dealing with the crisis was effective in restoring the trust and confidence of consumers. The second component of core ethical values is responsibility. McCain took an important step in affirming that Maple Leaf was assuming full responsibility for the Listeria situation. The third component of core ethical values is caring. After realizing that Listeria had caused 21 deaths, Maple Leaf recalled its products. This is because the company did not want to be the cause of any more deaths in Canada. McCain said that if he had known in advance that Listeria in the meat products would cause 22 deaths, he would have taken all measures to save those lives. The fourth component of core ethical values is citizenship. As of 2009, Maple Leaf was following the new Listeria policy that was set up by the federal government. Because Listeria is ubiquitous in the env ironment, Maple Leaf has also taken measures to educate people about the fact that Listeria is resident in most processed foods, and as such it is important to boost one’s immune system as this is the basic way to fight the routine exposure to Listeria. The second moral standard is relativism. Maple Leaf failed to report that Listeria had been detected in their products as early as March 2007. This is because, unlike other meat processing plants, Maple Leaf felt confident because the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) kept approving their products. The spokeswoman for Maple Leaf, Linda Smith, felt confident that if the USDA did not sanction the company, then any Listeria that had been detected was manageable and there was no need to cause mass panic. The third moral standard is egoism. Instead of focusing on the 22 people who had died from Listeria and the numerous sick people who consumed Listeria-infected products, Maple Leaf was more

Unhealthy Americans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Unhealthy Americans - Essay Example Culture is a bearer of traditions and customs which make the base for the every country. American culture is very interesting because it includes the pieces of the cultures of other countries: everything concerning food, traditions and way of life was brought form the countries of Europe and Southern America. Nowadays all this is combined into one special American culture which determines the way of life of Americans. American culture is known throughout the world and everybody knows the main features of this culture. Now American culture is in the process of occupying the world: American food and way of life are very popular now. Though Americans are very concerned about the result of their unhealthy way of life and their unhealthy food. Nowadays the most important problem of the American people is the problem of weight. It is the most dangerous and progressing problem. People in America gain weight because chief food and immovable way of life. At least two thirds of adult people in America are considered to be stout, or even worse suffer from obesity. The annual sum for treating the diseases which were caused by obesity is more than a hundred million. Now more and more people recognize the problem and the great money are spent for special diet foods, physical exercises, restaurants have the range of dishes with reduced calories. The second problem is the immovable way of life. There level of economical and technological development of the country is very high and the average citizen can have a car to drive. That is why the everyday life does not require walking or some other physical efforts. Along with the problems of obesity and immovable way of life there are some unhealthy problems which exist in every countries of the world. Such problems are drugs, smoking and alcohol drinking. It is a sad fact that mostly it is popular among the young people. So it is a risk that the new generation will have many serious diseases. Especially this problem

Power Of Words Essay Example for Free

Power Of Words Essay â€Å"Words are more treacherous and powerful than we think.† Evaluate the extent to which the characteristics Sartre claims for words affect negatively and positively different areas of knowledge. To what extent does the existence of different languages and the need for their translation create problems for the acquisition of knowledge? According to Sartre, words carry more power than we think and have the ability to betray their proper meanings. Words, or in a broader sense, language, is far more powerful than we give it credit for and is ambiguous in its nature to either be powerful in a good way or treacherous. When language is translated properly and knowledge is acquired successfully, language is powerful. However, when there are problems with translation and the original meaning of the words becomes garbled, language becomes treacherous. Now that we are aware of this fact about language, we need to make a calculated decision on the degree of negative effect translation has on the acquisition of knowledge. There are contextual losses, untranslatable words, and idioms. When we examine the losses as a result of translation, the extent to which the existence of different languages and the need for their translation creates problems for the acquisition of knowledge is great. As the Italians say, Traduttore traditore, ‘the translation is a traitor’† (Van de Lagemaat 63). First of all, each of us has a special relationship to our own native language and this relationship makes us â€Å"assume that it fits reality like a glove†. However, when we learn a second language, â€Å"one of the things [we] discover is that different languages divide the world up in different ways† (Van de Lagemaat 61). When translating words from one language to another, you â€Å"will not get a workable translation but gobbledygook† (Van de Lagemaat 61). This is when translation creates problems for the acquisition of knowledge. When something is being translated, there are three basic rules that must be followed: the translation must remain faithful to the original text, be comprehensible, and when retranslated back into its original language, the translation should be approximate to the original. Many times, the translations of texts from one language to another defy these three commonly agreed criteria, particularly the faithfulness of a translation. For example, when translating the idiom â€Å"the spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak† it comes back in German as â€Å"the vodka is agreeable, but the meat is inferior† (Van de Lagemaat 62). Through translation, this idiom lost its true meaning. An example of a mistranslation is when Pepsi Cola ran an advertising campaign in Taiwan, the slogan â€Å"Come Alive with Pepsi† was translated into Chinese and when translated back into English, it read â€Å"Pepsi brings your ancestors back from the dead!† (Van de Lagemaat 63). Unsurprisingly, because of the ill communicated meaning, the campaign was a failure. There is also inaccurate translation in literature such as the mistranslation of Albert Camus widely renowned novel’s title The Stranger, or L’etranger. In French, L’etranger does not simply mean â€Å"stranger† but has a much deeper and intricate meaning that caters to the novel’s explicit message. Further evidence that not everything is translated adequately is found in the translations of the Quran, â€Å"the central religious text of Islam†. â€Å"Because the Quran stresses its Arabic nature, Muslim scholars believe that any translation cannot be more than an approximate interpretation, intended only as a tool for the study and understanding of the original Arabic text† (Mohammed 58). Since not only the text must be translated, but the meaning and symbolism, it is believed that many things are lost in the Arabic to English interpretation. Whether or not the renderings of the Quran into English or other languages are accurate enough of not is a heavily debated subject for scholars. I can understand how this happens being a speaker of Arabic myself. There are certain Arabic words I say in my day-today life that cannot be appropriately translated in English without their actual meanings being lost. The Arabic expressions like â€Å"yislamleh teezik† that make little to no sense when directly translated into English. In Arabic, this commonly used expression is supposed to be an affectionate way of saying â€Å"thank you† or â€Å"may you always stay in my life†. The English translation would be â€Å"may God bless your butt†, and the charming meaning it has in Arabic is completely lost to translation. Although translation causes problems for the acquisition of knowledge to a great extent, it does not always do this. When something can be translated and the meaning is transferred from one language to another without any harm coming to it, knowledge is powerful. In the realms of mathematics and sciences, mathematical and scientific concepts can be translated accurately from one language to another unlike in literature. An example of this can be found in my math studies classroom with Ms. Halabi. She told us a humorous anecdote about how she learnt math in Arabic and how that would have been so unusual for us to experience. Math is a universal language and is not harmed when translated from one language to another. In conclusion, the translation of knowledge between different languages can be both powerful and treacherous in nature. It is powerful when there is no loss of meaning between translations but can be treacherous when it disrupts the acquisition of knowledge. This is a bad thing because as knowers, we don’t get to access certain knowledge because it can’t be translated properly.

marketing test :: essays research papers

Ch 5 Consumer behavior- Processes a consumer uses to make purchase decisions, as well as to use and dispose of purchased goods or services. 5 Steps to decision process- need recognition, information search, evaluation of alternative, purchase, post purchase behavior. Need recog- result of an imbalance between actual and desired states. External stimuli is a pic, internal stimuli is a past experience, good or bad. Recognition of unfulfilled wants- when a product isn’t performing properly, when consumer is running out of product, when another product is better than one being used. Info search- internal (memory) and external (tv). EVOKED SET (consideration set)- group of brands, resulting from an information search from which a buyer can choose. Evaluation of alternatives- rank attributes by importance, analyze product attributes, use cut off criteria. Post purchase behavior- Cognitive dissonance inner tension that a consumer experiences after recognizing an inconsistence between behavior and values or opinions. Consumers try to reduce dissonance by justifying their decision. Factors determining the level of consumer involvement- previous experience, interest, perceived risk of negative consequence, situation, social visibility. Underlying cultural, social, individual, and psychological factors strongly influence the decision process. Culture play deepest part of a persons consumer behavior, culture is pervasive, functional, learned, and dynamic, and the most defining element of a culture is values. Marketers are interested in social class for 2 reasons, Social class often indicates which medium to use for advertising, and knowing what products appeal to which social classes. Reference groups- a group in society that influences an individual purchasing behavior. Primary membership group- a reference group with which people interact regularly in an informal, face to face manner. Secondary membership group- A reference group with people associate less consistently and more formally that a primary such as a club, pro group or religious group. Aspirational reference group- A group that someone would like to join. Norm- A value or attitude deemed acceptable by a group. Reference groups have 3 implicatons- serve as info sources and influence perception, affect individual aspiration levels, their norms either constrain or stimulate consumer behavior. Ch 6 Business products- used to manufacture other products, become part of another product, aid the normal operations of an organization, are aquired for resale without change in form. Internet Marketing opportunities- increase efficiency, reduce cost, improve customer service, create 1to1 relationships, introduce new products, expand markets. Benefits of marketing on the net- lower prices, greater selection of products and vendors, access to customer and product sales data, around the clock ordering and customer service, lower cost, customized products.

Bluetooth Applications

BLUETOOTH APPLICATION ABSTRACT In the current scenario the world is plagued by accidents which are primarily due to human errors in judgment and hence thousands of lives are lost. These accidents can be avoided if only there was a mechanism to alert the driver of approaching danger. This can be done by monitoring the distance between nearby cars and alerting the driver whenever the distance becomes too short. This is precisely the aim of this paper.In this paper we propose the use of Bluetooth Technology by which we can check the speed of the car whenever it comes dangerously close to any other vehicle up front, thereby saving very many lives. CONTENTS: 1. INTRODUCTION 2. ROAD ACCIDENT STATISTICS 3. OPERATION 4. AUTOMATIC BRAKING SYSTEM 5. REPRESENTATION OF OUR IDEA 6. CONCLUSION 7. REFERENCES INTRODUCTION Since Bluetooth devices are capable of communicating with eight other devices simultaneously we can monitor and check the speeds of up to eight cars simultaneously, thus preventing accidents.Thus if we have two Bluetooth enabled devices in two cars the devices automatically communicate with each other when they come in the range of up to 100 meters of each other. The range is dependant on the power class of the product. Power transmission rates vary in many Bluetooth devices depending upon the power saving features available in a particular unit, bandwidth requirements, transmission distance. The statistics of road accidents is tremendous and highlights the need for such a system. The following is a statistic on the number of road accidents occurring each year.ROAD ACCIDENT STATISTICS OF INDIA 1970-2003 | |   |   |   |   |   |   | |Sl. No. | |Source:   Data received from States/UTs. | s OPERATION Because of traveling at high speeds there is a possibility of having accident. The figure 2 shows that when two cars or more come within the distance of 10 km at high speeds there is a possibility of having accidents. The Bluetooth radio is a short dist ance, low power radio operating in the unlicensed spectrum of 2. GHz and using a nominal antenna power of 20 dBm. [pic] At the 20 dB the range is 100 meters, meaning equipment must be Within 100 meters to each other (about 328 feet) to communicate using the Bluetooth standard. With the help of this technology we can send data to the eight devices. The group of eight devices is known as piconet. Here we have a piconet and a scatternet, in the piconet M is the master and S1 to S7 are the slaves [pic] Radio communication is subjected to noise and interference, as the 2. 4 GHz frequencies are shared between the all device in piconet.So the Bluetooth specification has solved this problem by employing what is called as spectrum spreading, in which the Bluetooth radio hops among different frequencies very quickly. There are 79 hops starting at 2. 402 GHz and stopping at 2. 480 GHz, each of which is displaced by 1 MHz. The Bluetooth avoids interference by hoping around these 79 frequencies 1600 times per second. So in order to avoid it we use bluetooth equipped car, in which each car have bluetooth transmitter and receiver. And the every car should have mini computer to monitor the relative position of the car with the other car. pic]When any car comes close together bluetooth device sends warning signal to the car. Based on the type of warning signal received the computer sends signal to the brake control system to slow down the speed of the car. There are two types of control signals. First type of signal control the speed of the car and the second type of signal is to overtake the car which is moving forward. Schematic diagram of car: [pic] AUTOMTIC BRAKE SYSTEM: The automatic brake system is the next generation braking system for controlling the speed of the car.On receiving the control signal from the traveling car the computer inside the car manipulates the signal and gives control signal to the braking system. There are four main components to an automatic brak ing system: †¢ speed sensors †¢ pump †¢ valves †¢ controller [pic] Automatic braking pump and valves The computer constantly monitors the distance between each of these cars and when it senses that the car is getting too close it moves the hydraulic valves to increase the pressure on the braking circuit, effectively increasing the braking force on the wheels.If the distance between two vehicle is within the 100m the Bluetooth devices get enabled and if the distance come closer within 10m the automatic braking system takes the control. After the speed of the car is reduced and distance increased the hydraulic valves decreases the pressure on the braking circuit, thus effectively decrease the braking force on the wheels. The following steps show the various functions of the hydraulic valves: †¢ in position one, the valve is open; pressure from the master cylinder is passed right through to the brake. in position two, the valve blocks the line, isolating that b rake from the master cylinder. This prevents the pressure from rising further should the driver push the brake pedal harder. †¢ in position three, the valve releases some of the pressure from the brake.REPRESENTATION OF OUR IDEA In the figure 7 when car A and car B come within the range of 100m both the Bluetooth devices get enabled and if any one of the car comes too fast then the bluetooth device sends a warning signal to the other car and it processes the signal and gives it to the automatic braking system. pic] CONCLUSION: The Bluetooth technology is being widely adopted by the Industry leaders. The possibility for new applications is very exciting with this Versatile technology. It provides a simple, logical answer to all the Problems-which is built a single common radio into every mobile computer, then neither do companies have to worry about WAN, nor do communication companies need to worry about building external cables. The Bluetooth communication device will thus be a small, low powered radio in a chip that will talk to other Bluetooth enabled products.Bluetooth has been designed to solve a number of connectivity problems experienced by the mobile workers & consumers. Thus, this technology helps make the electronic devices more user friendly and helps address various other problems like accidents. ———————– Fig 1 CAR 1 CAR 6 CAR 4 CAR 3 CAR 7 CAR 8 CAR 5 CAR 2 MINI COMPUTER INSIDE THE CAR Fig 2 M S72222222 S1 M2 S2 S1 M1/S S1 S1/S3 M1 S3 Fig 3 Fig 4 Fig 5 Fig 6 Within 10m Sends warning signal Receives signal and control the speed of car Fig 7

Summary on Globalization

Globalization describes an ongoing process by which regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through a network of communication and execution. Globalization is often term or refers to economic globalization i. e. the integration of national economies into the international economy through trade, foreign direct investment, capital flows, migration, and the spread of technology. The driving forces of globalization are a combination of Economic, Technological, Socio-cultural and Political factors. Scholars indicate the increasing economic integration and interdependence of national economies across the world through a rapid increase in cross-border movement of goods, service, technology, and capital. It can be said that globalization is the door to global resources that opens up to the international market. Economic and financial globalization and the expansion of world trade have brought substantial benefits to countries around the world. But the current financial crisis has put globalization on hold, with capital flows reversing and global trade shrinking. There are countless indicators that illustrate how goods, capital, and people, have become more globalized. †¢The value of trade (goods and services) as a percentage of world GDP increased from 42. 1 percent in 1980 to 62. 1 percent in 2007. †¢Foreign direct investment increased from 6. 5 percent of world GDP in 1980 to 31. 8 percent in 2006. †¢The stock of international claims (primarily bank loans), as a percentage of world GDP, increased from roughly 10 percent in 1980 to 48 percent in 2006. The number of minutes spent on cross-border telephone calls, on a per-capita basis, increased from 7. 3 in 1991 to 28. 8 in 2006. †¢The number of foreign workers has increased from 78 million people (2. 4 percent of the world population) in 1965 to 191 million people (3. 0 percent of the world population) in 2005. There is a long debate about the effects of globalization, as the most common phenomenon that we heard is the capitalizing the resources of developing countries b y developed countries, brain drains as opportunities in richer countries droves talent away. In many poorer nations globalization is actually the result of the foreign businesses investing in the country to take advantage of the lower wage rate, foreign resources and engraving more markets. The anti-globalization movement developed in opposition to the perceived negative aspects of globalization. The group represents a wide range of interests and issues. Opponents of globalization point out to its negative effects. Some of them are listed below. †¢Globalization has led to exploitation of labor. Prisoners and child workers are used to work in inhumane conditions. Safety standards are ignored to produce cheap goods. †¢Job insecurity. Earlier people had stable, permanent jobs. Now people live in constant dread of losing their jobs to competition. †¢Terrorists have access to sophisticated weapons enhancing their ability to inflict damage. †¢Companies have set up industries causing pollution in countries with poor regulation of pollution. †¢Fast food chains like McDonalds and KFC are spreading in the developing world. People are consuming more junk food from these joints which has an adverse impact on their health. †¢Local industries are being taken over by foreign multinationals. †¢The increase in prices has reduced the government’s ability to sustain social welfare schemes in developed countries. †¢Multinational Companies and corporations which were previously restricted to commercial activities are increasingly influencing political decisions. It is important to ensure that the gains from globalization are more broadly shared across the population. For this purpose reforms to strengthen education and training would help ensure that workers have the appropriate skills for the evolving global economy. Policies that broaden the access of finance to the poor would also help, as would further trade liberalization that boosts agricultural exports from developing countries. Additional programs may include providing adequate income support to moderate, but not block, the process of change, and also making health care less dependent on continued employment and increasing the portability of pension benefits in some countries.

buy custom Incapacitating the Terrorist Networks essay

buy custom Incapacitating the Terrorist Networks essay There needs to be a long lasting solution to be issue of terrorism. The fact that these groups keep on uniting when they are disbanded calls for their incapacitation. The federal government and its allies are making attempts to deny the terrorists what they require to survive and operate overseas. The United States aims to uncover the terrorists hideouts away from the homeland. To achieve this, the government has made efforts to understand the trends, actions and events that take place on the land air, space and maritime (Bush, 2007, par. 14). This calls for the understanding of the daily occurrence of the activities. With such knowledge it becomes quite easy to identify any anomaly in the occurrence of events which could be indications of terrorist activities. This is made possible by the use of Intelligence led policing. Is it possible to incapacitate the al Qaeda? It should be noted that as much as Intelligence led policing might be good strategy to understanding anomaly occurrences in the society; it might at times be not quite effective in curbing the spread of terrorism. The reason for this stand is the dynamism displayed by the members of the al Qaida. Bush (2007) believes that terrorists are likely to change their tactics of waging terrorism (par. 15). This should not be taken for granted because as knowledge is being dispersed it becomes possible for terrorists to understand the security systems. Furthermore, it can be simple for the terrorists to strike individually. These are just some of the challenges which are being faced by the government. Still there are further worries about the ease with which some of the weapons can be devised. If we take the example of the improvised explosive devices (IED) the same which were disrupted in the 2006 U.K based plot to blow up some commercial airline (Bush p. 20). The terrorist do ot have to bother carrying around these weapons as they ca n be easily devised in the homeland. Is not possible to devise such weapons from the homeland hotels rooms? To answer that consider what Bush (2007) writes concerning their devising, given the ready availability of IED components and the relative technological ease with which they can be fashioned (Bush par. 20). This shows the vulnerability of to which the nation is exposed to. Are the arguments above meant to demean the efforts being out forth by the homeland security measures? The answer is no. Actually, according to Carafano (2007) there have been 19 attempted which have thwarted by homeland security (check in the index diagram II) (par. 3). The arguments above are meant, in fact, to strengthen the home land security system. If you consider Diagram 1 below, the homeland security system operates in four levels which keep on switching as explained above. The homeland security system should use these facts to make improvements in its operations. The department should engage more intelligence agents from outside America to enable it fight terrorism. The nations of the world should view terrorism as a common enemy of peace and therefore pool resources especially intelligence reports to enable the tracking down of the terrorists havens and also thwart any planned terrorist act. It will be of significant help if the government steps to the hideouts of the terrorist groups and uproot them. President Obama has taken initiatives to take the war to the safe havens of the terrorist. The president advocates for collaboration process to take place especially between the government of U.S. and Pakistan which is known to provide a safe haven for the terrorists (Eisenhower, 2009, par. 6). Eisenhower (2009) argues that the al Qaida leadership has crossed over from the Afghanistan to the remote parts of Pakistan. In these areas the group leeaders have been conducting training for new members and communicating with the rest of the group members (Eisenhower, 2009, par. 7). By uprooting these groups there will have no base to operate from hence they would have been incapacitated. The Obama administration are on the right track though there are regions which are providing or can easily provide safe havens for the al Qaida group. An example of such a region is Somali. This region does not have a stable government and of late there have been so many cases of high sea piracy originating from this region. The Somali pirates have caused a lot anxiety to the ship plying that route of the sea. Such a region a region can easily attract a group such as al Qaida to settle in the region and use piracy as a means of getting money in form of ransom to achieve its objectives. The U.S. should prompt the UN to stabilize the region to avoid another breeding region for the al Qaida. Bush (2007) makes very far sighted recommendation on the terrorism issues. He believes that there is a need for the Islamic nations to teach ideologies which promote peace. Structure should be put in place to ensure that the ideologies are taught. Spreading of hatred literature should be put to stop (Bush, 2007, par. 17). This will lead to a new blood generation which harbors no hatred. There is a need for solutions to found or developed for issues which draw some tension between the western world and the Islamic states. Such issues include the boundary issues between the Israel and its neighbors especially Palestine. The fight of terrorism is one which requires a pool of efforts from different regions. The U.S. through its homeland security has made much effort to ensure that terrorists do not infiltrate the homeland region. The terrorists are quite dynamic and as such the security the need for security needs to be tightened. Buy custom Incapacitating the Terrorist Networks essay

Managing Financial Resources Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managing Financial Resources - Assignment Example The company has outperformed the industry with respect to return on equity as it might be operating efficiently as compared to other companies. The current ratio measures a company’s ability to pay short term obligations of its creditors when they are due. Low Fell Engineering has a slightly better current ratio than the company thus it gives a good impression to the investors who are willing to invest in the stock of the company. The acid test ratio is similar to current ratio but it does not incorporate the Cost of inventory or stocks since it considers them to be the least liquid. The acid test ration of Low Fell Engineering is also better than the industry standards signifying that they have a strong ability to meet their short term dues. The stock turnover of the company is below the benchmark level and it has not been able to turn over its inventory as well as other companies which can be an overwhelming concern since it can increase the cost of inventory. The company needs to be concerned about their low stock turnover which is increasing their cost of inventory and thus reducing their gross profit margin. To improve the turnover, they need to optimize their supply chain, make the production process lean and build strong relationship with the suppliers or vendors. A good supplier enables to deliver stock in a timely and low cost manner which can minimize the cost of sales (Bierley, 2008). In a finance lease, the risk and ownership of the asset it transferred to the lessee (Pietersz, 2005). Therefore, at the end of the period the lessee can sell the asset at the scrap Cost. Thus, in the case of a finance lease the Cost of the machinery will be Since the case does not explicitly mention that the lease is operating of finance therefore if we assume that it is a finance lease than it will be the most feasible option. Otherwise buying on cash will be the best option since

Technology impact on the organization Research Paper

Technology impact on the organization - Research Paper Example Factors of production include the inputs required in the production process in order to accomplish an organization’s objective in achieving its desired output. The desired output may be a finished product or a service depending on the organization. They include labor, capital, land and enterprise or entrepreneurship (Lee & Edgar, 2002). This makes technological progress the mover of development in the economy. Labor in an organization is termed as either skilled labor or unskilled labor. Most organizations will prefer the use of unskilled labor as much as possible since it is cheaper as compared to skilled labor. It is also in many instances readily available. On the other hand, skilled labor is needed, especially where technology brings in the aspect of automation in processing. Capital is the initial amount of money required to carry out organization affairs. Depending on the investment targeted, an organization requires variant amount of capital. An organization with an automated computer controlled process cannot have the same amount of investment with another of the same kind. Initial cost of high technology is high, but this ends up becoming economical due to efficiency and high productivity in processing. This is a basic factor that deals with the management of a company. Workers in the managerial positions and are conversant with high grade technology know how to bring out better results. This brings in the aspect of â€Å"Just in Time† delivery of goods and services. One of the roles of technology includes increased productivity of the workers. This is enhanced by the use of efficient machines in operations, thus making it possible to exploit the worker’s potential. There is optimal resources utilization; this includes space, time, process, human resource among others. When there is no waste in a process, optimal profits are obtained, and making profits is the main goal of any business organization (Montano